Competition: Z.V. Nalobina Memorial
- Rink:
Barnaul (RUS) - Date:
- 20. - 21.01.2024
- Records:
- Information:
- 87 athletes from 1 nation
- 39 women and 48 men
- 8 distances (1000m (1. Race), 1000m (2. Race), 100m (1. Race), 100m (2. Race), 300m (1. Race), 300m (2. Race), 500m (1. Race), 500m (2. Race))
- 290 races (20x mit DNF/DNS/DQ)
Text view of the competition results
Z.V. Nalobina Memorial
20. - 21.01.2024
Stadion "Klevtsjenja" (Tekstilstsjik) (RUS)
Sprint Combination (Women), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 500M 1. RACE 1000M 1. RACE 500M 2. RACE 1000M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Arina Jemeljanenkova D2 RUS 51.45 (1) 1:51.65 (1) 51.69 (1) 1:51.34 (1) 214.635
2 Jelena Safronova D1 RUS 52.69 (2) 1:53.38 (2) 52.74 (2) 1:52.23 (2) 218.235 +3.600 PB
3 Jekaterina Bujnjakova D2 RUS 54.58 (3) 1:56.62 (3) 54.18 (3) 1:54.00 (3) 224.070 +9.435
4 Uljana Trojnina D2 RUS 55.89 (4) 2:15.12 (5) 54.40 (4) 1:59.53 (4) 237.615 +22.980
5 Jelizaveta Vjalykh D1 RUS 59.09 (5) 2:00.25 (4) SB 58.55 (5) 2:00.19 (5) SB 237.860 +23.225 SB
6 Ana Ljusija Nava Roman D1 RUS 1:01.82 (6) SB 2:24.74 (7) SB 1:02.25 (7) 2:16.55 (6) PB 264.715 +50.080 PB
7 Arina Turdazova D1 RUS 1:11.14 (7) 2:15.15 (6) 1:00.50 (6) 2:18.73 (7) 268.580 +53.945
8 Marija Surnatsjeva E2 RUS 1:42.37 (9) SB 3:04.08 (8) PB 1:41.30 (9) PB 3:12.51 (8) 391.965 +2.57.330 PB
Sofja.12 Bobrova D1 RUS 1:38.00 (8) SB - 1:28.30 (8) SB - -
Allround (Women), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 300M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE 300M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Rinata Malinovskaja E2 RUS 13.98 (2) 36.29 (1) 13.79 (2) 36.33 (1) 100.390
2 Kira Soboleva E2 RUS 14.03 (3) 36.80 (3) SB 13.70 (1) 36.35 (2) PB 100.880 +0.490
3 Zoja Pomogajeva E2 RUS 14.97 (6) 37.56 (4) 15.14 (5) 37.95 (5) 105.620 +5.230
4 Evangelina Doronina E2 RUS 13.72 (1) SB 36.75 (2) PB 18.08 (14) 37.38 (3) SB 105.930 +5.540
5 Marika Engel E1 RUS 14.66 (4) 41.80 (5) SB 14.51 (4) 40.34 (6) SB 111.310 +10.920
6 Sofja Averina E1 RUS 14.84 (5) SB 46.12 (9) SB 14.44 (3) SB 37.70 (4) PB 113.100 +12.710
7 Ksenija Kortsjagina E1 RUS 15.56 (9) 42.97 (7) 15.44 (6) 41.39 (7) SB 115.360 +14.970
8 Viktorija Titova E1 RUS 15.40 (7) 42.60 (6) 15.71 (8) 42.66 (8) 116.370 +15.980
9 Jelizaveta Tsjerdantseva E1 RUS 16.35 (10) SB 46.02 (8) SB 15.99 (9) PB 45.35 (10) SB 123.710 +23.320
10 Sofja Pankratjeva E1 RUS 17.39 (14) 47.42 (10) PB 16.68 (10) 47.50 (11) 128.990 +28.600
11 Kristina Akulova E1 RUS 18.09 (16) 50.35 (11) SB 16.78 (11) PB 47.90 (12) PB 133.120 +32.730
12 Estera Kulja E2 RUS 17.10 (12) PB 51.49 (13) SB 16.88 (12) 51.31 (13) PB 136.780 +36.390
13 Jeva Sumtsova E1 RUS 16.83 (11) PB 52.20 (14) 18.23 (15) 52.63 (14) 139.890 +39.500
14 Jelizaveta Sidorenko E2 RUS 15.52 (8) 1:05.93 (16) 15.51 (7) 44.35 (9) SB 141.310 +40.920
15 Jeva Sultani F2 RUS 17.68 (15) 51.35 (12) PB 20.08 (17) 52.70 (15) SB 141.810 +41.420
16 Tatjana Popova F2 RUS 17.30 (13) SB 53.90 (15) PB 17.12 (13) PB 54.40 (16) SB 142.720 +42.330
17 Sofja Serova E2 RUS 21.50 (17) SB 1:10.36 (17) 18.72 (16) PB 55.26 (17) PB 165.840 +1.05.450
Allround (Women), 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Jelizaveta Sartina F2 RUS 16.00 (1) 16.39 (1) 32.390
2 Margarita Pigalova F2 RUS 17.35 (2) 17.50 (3) 34.850 +2.460
3 Elina Barkina F2 RUS 17.65 (4) PB 17.30 (2) 34.950 +2.560
4 Jekaterina.15 Nikitina F2 RUS 17.47 (3) 17.94 (5) 35.410 +3.020
5 Rajisa Jevanova F2 RUS 18.86 (6) PB 17.53 (4) 36.390 +4.000
6 Milana Zujeva F2 RUS 18.44 (5) 18.62 (6) PB 37.060 +4.670
7 Varvara.15 Abramova F2 RUS 19.78 (7) 20.11 (7) 39.890 +7.500
8 Anna Serova F2 RUS 20.19 (9) 20.37 (8) PB 40.560 +8.170
9 Anna Gvozdeva F2 RUS 19.94 (8) PB 20.68 (9) 40.620 +8.230
Allround (Women), 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Aleksandra Khiisj F1 RUS 17.81 (1) 17.44 (1) PB 35.250
2 Arina Trojnina F1 RUS 19.20 (2) 19.66 (3) 38.860 +3.610
3 Alena Jermolenko F1 RUS 20.26 (3) 19.59 (2) 39.850 +4.600
Allround (Women), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 300M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE 300M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Tamara Sartina D1 RUS 27.14 (1) SB 52.48 (1) PB 18.66 (1) 53.98 (1) SB 152.260
Sprint Combination (Men), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 500M 1. RACE 1000M 1. RACE 500M 2. RACE 1000M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Jegor Khromin D2 RUS 43.51 (1) 1:31.96 (1) 44.23 (1) 1:30.60 (1) 179.020
2 Artem Barkin D2 RUS 45.88 (2) 1:35.66 (2) 45.48 (2) 1:33.50 (2) 185.940 +6.920
3 Jelisej Litvinov D2 RUS 48.40 (3) 1:44.65 (3) 49.80 (3) 1:44.48 (3) 202.765 +23.745
4 Jurij Kuligin D2 RUS 54.50 (5) 2:00.95 (5) 53.10 (4) 1:57.50 (4) 226.825 +47.805 PB
5 Jegor Kravtsjenko D1 RUS 54.80 (6) 2:02.30 (6) 53.40 (5) 1:58.04 (5) 228.370 +49.350 PB
6 Matvej Bejs D1 RUS 57.95 (7) 2:08.50 (7) 58.31 (7) 2:08.90 (8) 244.960 +1.05.940 PB
7 Lev Fedotov D2 RUS 58.71 (8) 2:19.07 (10) 58.65 (8) 2:02.25 (6) 248.020 +1.09.000 PB
8 Dmitrij.12 Semenov D1 RUS 59.40 (9) 2:13.44 (9) SB 59.99 (9) 2:08.79 (7) SB 250.505 +1.11.485 SB
9 Stepan Agafonov D1 RUS 59.61 (10) PB 2:11.70 (8) PB 1:05.73 (12) 2:13.45 (9) SB 257.915 +1.18.895 PB
10 Makar Kuzmin D1 RUS 1:10.97 (12) 2:35.68 (11) 1:20.42 (13) 2:34.20 (11) PB 306.330 +2.07.310 PB
Petr.12 Popov D1 RUS - - 1:03.14 (10) 2:26.31 (10) PB -
Ivan Onistsjenko D1 RUS 1:06.66 (11) - 57.99 (6) - -
Arsenij Ptsjelin D2 RUS 49.18 (4) 1:45.70 (4) 1:03.23 (11) - -
Allround (Men), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 300M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE 300M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Lev Trofimov E2 RUS 12.66 (1) 32.83 (1) SB 12.76 (1) 33.75 (1) SB 92.000
2 Sergej.14 Kalinin E1 RUS 14.80 (2) 39.58 (2) SB 14.80 (3) 40.80 (2) SB 109.980 +17.980
3 Timur Konjukhov E1 RUS 15.27 (5) 41.18 (3) PB 15.45 (5) 41.82 (3) SB 113.720 +21.720
4 Ivan.14 Zjukov E1 RUS 15.08 (3) SB 44.18 (6) SB 14.71 (2) SB 47.52 (5) 121.490 +29.490
5 Ivan Burgardt E1 RUS 16.65 (7) 47.80 (7) SB 16.89 (7) 45.26 (4) SB 126.600 +34.600
6 Mikhail Zjukov E1 RUS 15.85 (6) SB 42.96 (5) PB 19.35 (10) 50.81 (8) 128.970 +36.970
7 Dmitrij Karpov E2 RUS 21.68 (13) 42.50 (4) 15.31 (4) 50.16 (7) 129.650 +37.650
8 Arsenij Ognev E1 RUS 16.95 (8) SB 58.59 (11) SB 17.18 (8) SB 48.20 (6) SB 140.920 +48.920
9 Maksim Vlasenko E1 RUS 19.46 (10) SB 54.37 (9) PB 17.95 (9) PB 1:00.10 (11) 151.880 +59.880
10 Nikita Sadokov E1 RUS 20.16 (11) PB 56.58 (10) SB 23.20 (11) 54.40 (10) 154.340 +1.02.340
Timur Gladysjev E1 RUS 15.22 (4) PB - - - -
Matvej Orlov E1 RUS 21.28 (12) PB 1:03.31 (12) PB - - -
Mikhail Salijev E1 RUS 17.12 (9) SB 50.15 (8) SB - - -
Pavel Leskovtsev E2 RUS - - 15.60 (6) PB 51.62 (9) -
Allround (Men), 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Maksim Safronov F2 RUS 13.52 (1) 13.58 (1) 27.100
2 Eldorbek Dusmatov F2 RUS 14.90 (2) PB 15.32 (3) 30.220 +3.120
3 Maksymilan Kulja F2 RUS 15.20 (3) 15.27 (2) 30.470 +3.370
4 Timofej Tsybulenko F2 RUS 16.89 (4) 16.70 (4) 33.590 +6.490
5 Ilja.16 Kiseljev F1 RUS 17.11 (5) 18.03 (5) PB 35.140 +8.040
6 Gleb Russkikh F2 RUS 18.88 (6) 19.55 (8) 38.430 +11.330
7 Ilja Dorosjenko F1 RUS 19.13 (7) PB 19.41 (7) 38.540 +11.440
8 Roman Koltsjin F2 RUS 24.70 (10) 18.12 (6) 42.820 +15.720
9 Nikita Bondar F1 RUS 22.90 (9) 22.40 (9) 45.300 +18.200
10 Vjatsjeslav Leskovtsev F2 RUS 21.26 (8) 24.33 (10) 45.590 +18.490
11 Aleksandr Jepantsintsev F1 RUS 24.83 (11) PB 24.51 (11) 49.340 +22.240
Allround (Men), 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Timofej Tsjerdantsev F1 RUS 16.05 (1) SB 16.85 (1) 32.900
2 Savelij Bitjukov F1 RUS 19.16 (2) PB 19.93 (2) 39.090 +6.190
3 Kirill Sazonov F1 RUS 22.19 (5) 20.29 (3) PB 42.480 +9.580
4 Roman Jevdokimov F1 RUS 20.15 (3) 23.31 (5) PB 43.460 +10.560
Zakhar Subbotin F1 RUS 21.11 (4) PB 22.35 (4) 43.460 +10.560
5 Vsevolod.17 Stsjerbinin F1 RUS 24.65 (6) PB 23.50 (6) 48.150 +15.250
Sprint Combination (Men), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 500M 1. RACE 1000M 1. RACE 500M 2. RACE 1000M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Sjokhdzjakhon Dusmatov C1 RUS 51.82 (1) 1:52.79 (1) 52.22 (1) 1:51.68 (1) 216.275 PB
Allround (Men), 20. - 21.01.2024
POS NAME AG NAT 100M 1. RACE 300M 1. RACE 100M 2. RACE 300M 2. RACE POINTS DIFF RECORDS
1 Valentin Tokarjev D1 RUS 16.04 (1) 46.81 (1) PB 15.07 (1) PB 55.25 (1) 133.170
Aleksandr Likhanov F1 RUS 29.64 (3) PB 1:08.53 (3) PB - - -
Ivan Iskhakov F1 RUS 23.25 (2) 1:02.86 (2) PB - - -
Z.V. Nalobina Memorial
20. - 21.01.2024
Stadion "Klevtsjenja" (Tekstilstsjik) (RUS)
NAME AG 100M (1. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 300M (1. RACE) 300M (1. RACE) 300M (2. RACE) 300M (2. RACE) 500M (1. RACE) 500M (1. RACE) 500M (2. RACE) 500M (2. RACE) 1000M (1. RACE) 1000M (1. RACE) 1000M (2. RACE) 1000M (2. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 100M (2. RACE)
20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024
Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior D Out of Competition Junior D Out of Competition Junior D Out of Competition Junior D Out of Competition Junior F Junior G Junior F Junior G
Dmitrij Karpov E2 21.68 (13) 15.31 (4) 42.50 (4) 50.16 (7)
Pavel Leskovtsev E2 DNS 15.60 (6) DNS 51.62 (9)
Timur Konjukhov E1 15.27 (5) 15.45 (5) 41.18 (3) 41.82 (3)
Lev Trofimov E2 12.66 (1) 12.76 (1) 32.83 (1) 33.75 (1)
Matvej Orlov E1 21.28 (12) DNS 1:03.31 (12) DNS
Sergej.14 Kalinin E1 14.80 (2) 14.80 (3) 39.58 (2) 40.80 (2)
Timur Gladysjev E1 15.22 (4) DNS DNS DNS
Ivan.14 Zjukov E1 15.08 (3) 14.71 (2) 44.18 (6) 47.52 (5)
Ivan Burgardt E1 16.65 (7) 16.89 (7) 47.80 (7) 45.26 (4)
Maksim Vlasenko E1 19.46 (10) 17.95 (9) 54.37 (9) 1:00.10 (11)
Mikhail Zjukov E1 15.85 (6) 19.35 (10) 42.96 (5) 50.81 (8)
Arsenij Ognev E1 16.95 (8) 17.18 (8) 58.59 (11) 48.20 (6)
Nikita Sadokov E1 20.16 (11) 23.20 (11) 56.58 (10) 54.40 (10)
Mikhail Salijev E1 17.12 (9) DNS 50.15 (8) DNS
Valentin Tokarjev D1 16.04 (1) 15.07 (1) 46.81 (1) 55.25 (1)
Ivan Iskhakov F1 23.25 (2) DNS 1:02.86 (2) DNS
Aleksandr Likhanov F1 29.64 (3) DNS 1:08.53 (3) DNS
Jegor Khromin D2 43.51 (1) 44.23 (1) 1:31.96 (1) 1:30.60 (1)
Jegor Kravtsjenko D1 54.80 (6) 53.40 (5) 2:02.30 (6) 1:58.04 (5)
Jelisej Litvinov D2 48.40 (3) 49.80 (3) 1:44.65 (3) 1:44.48 (3)
Ivan Onistsjenko D1 1:06.66 (11) 57.99 (6) DNS DQ
Petr.12 Popov D1 DNS 1:03.14 (10) DNS 2:26.31 (10)
Artem Barkin D2 45.88 (2) 45.48 (2) 1:35.66 (2) 1:33.50 (2)
Arsenij Ptsjelin D2 49.18 (4) 1:03.23 (11) 1:45.70 (4) DNS
Matvej Bejs D1 57.95 (7) 58.31 (7) 2:08.50 (7) 2:08.90 (8)
Makar Kuzmin D1 1:10.97 (12) 1:20.42 (13) 2:35.68 (11) 2:34.20 (11)
Lev Fedotov D2 58.71 (8) 58.65 (8) 2:19.07 (10) 2:02.25 (6)
Dmitrij.12 Semenov D1 59.40 (9) 59.99 (9) 2:13.44 (9) 2:08.79 (7)
Jurij Kuligin D2 54.50 (5) 53.10 (4) 2:00.95 (5) 1:57.50 (4)
Stepan Agafonov D1 59.61 (10) 1:05.73 (12) 2:11.70 (8) 2:13.45 (9)
Sjokhdzjakhon Dusmatov C1 51.82 (1) 52.22 (1) 1:52.79 (1) 1:51.68 (1)
Ilja Dorosjenko F1 19.13 (7) 19.41 (7)
Maksim Safronov F2 13.52 (1) 13.58 (1)
Timofej Tsybulenko F2 16.89 (4) 16.70 (4)
Eldorbek Dusmatov F2 14.90 (2) 15.32 (3)
Maksymilan Kulja F2 15.20 (3) 15.27 (2)
Roman Koltsjin F2 24.70 (10) 18.12 (6)
Ilja.16 Kiseljev F1 17.11 (5) 18.03 (5)
Gleb Russkikh F2 18.88 (6) 19.55 (8)
Vjatsjeslav Leskovtsev F2 21.26 (8) 24.33 (10)
Nikita Bondar F1 22.90 (9) 22.40 (9)
Aleksandr Jepantsintsev F1 24.83 (11) 24.51 (11)
Timofej Tsjerdantsev F1 16.05 (1) 16.85 (1)
Savelij Bitjukov F1 19.16 (2) 19.93 (2)
Roman Jevdokimov F1 20.15 (3) 23.31 (5)
Zakhar Subbotin F1 21.11 (4) 22.35 (4)
Kirill Sazonov F1 22.19 (5) 20.29 (3)
Vsevolod.17 Stsjerbinin F1 24.65 (6) 23.50 (6)
NAME AG 100M (1. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 300M (1. RACE) 300M (1. RACE) 300M (2. RACE) 300M (2. RACE) 500M (1. RACE) 500M (2. RACE) 1000M (1. RACE) 1000M (2. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (1. RACE) 100M (2. RACE) 100M (2. RACE)
20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 20.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024 21.01.2024
Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior E Out of Competition Junior D Junior D Junior D Junior D Junior F Junior G Junior F Junior G
Rinata Malinovskaja E2 13.98 (2) 13.79 (2) 36.29 (1) 36.33 (1)
Kira Soboleva E2 14.03 (3) 13.70 (1) 36.80 (3) 36.35 (2)
Zoja Pomogajeva E2 14.97 (6) 15.14 (5) 37.56 (4) 37.95 (5)
Ksenija Kortsjagina E1 15.56 (9) 15.44 (6) 42.97 (7) 41.39 (7)
Jelizaveta Tsjerdantseva E1 16.35 (10) 15.99 (9) 46.02 (8) 45.35 (10)
Evangelina Doronina E2 13.72 (1) 18.08 (14) 36.75 (2) 37.38 (3)
Estera Kulja E2 17.10 (12) 16.88 (12) 51.49 (13) 51.31 (13)
Marika Engel E1 14.66 (4) 14.51 (4) 41.80 (5) 40.34 (6)
Sofja Averina E1 14.84 (5) 14.44 (3) 46.12 (9) 37.70 (4)
Viktorija Titova E1 15.40 (7) 15.71 (8) 42.60 (6) 42.66 (8)
Tatjana Popova F2 17.30 (13) 17.12 (13) 53.90 (15) 54.40 (16)
Jeva Sumtsova E1 16.83 (11) 18.23 (15) 52.20 (14) 52.63 (14)
Jelizaveta Sidorenko E2 15.52 (8) 15.51 (7) 1:05.93 (16) 44.35 (9)
Kristina Akulova E1 18.09 (16) 16.78 (11) 50.35 (11) 47.90 (12)
Sofja Pankratjeva E1 17.39 (14) 16.68 (10) 47.42 (10) 47.50 (11)
Jeva Sultani F2 17.68 (15) 20.08 (17) 51.35 (12) 52.70 (15)
Sofja Serova E2 21.50 (17) 18.72 (16) 1:10.36 (17) 55.26 (17)
Tamara Sartina D1 27.14 (1) 18.66 (1) 52.48 (1) 53.98 (1)
Uljana Trojnina D2 55.89 (4) 54.40 (4) 2:15.12 (5) 1:59.53 (4)
Arina Jemeljanenkova D2 51.45 (1) 51.69 (1) 1:51.65 (1) 1:51.34 (1)
Jekaterina Bujnjakova D2 54.58 (3) 54.18 (3) 1:56.62 (3) 1:54.00 (3)
Jelena Safronova D1 52.69 (2) 52.74 (2) 1:53.38 (2) 1:52.23 (2)
Arina Turdazova D1 1:11.14 (7) 1:00.50 (6) 2:15.15 (6) 2:18.73 (7)
Jelizaveta Vjalykh D1 59.09 (5) 58.55 (5) 2:00.25 (4) 2:00.19 (5)
Ana Ljusija Nava Roman D1 1:01.82 (6) 1:02.25 (7) 2:24.74 (7) 2:16.55 (6)
Marija Surnatsjeva E2 1:42.37 (9) 1:41.30 (9) 3:04.08 (8) 3:12.51 (8)
Sofja.12 Bobrova D1 1:38.00 (8) 1:28.30 (8) DNS DNS
Jekaterina.15 Nikitina F2 17.47 (3) 17.94 (5)
Elina Barkina F2 17.65 (4) 17.30 (2)
Jelizaveta Sartina F2 16.00 (1) 16.39 (1)
Anna Gvozdeva F2 19.94 (8) 20.68 (9)
Rajisa Jevanova F2 18.86 (6) 17.53 (4)
Milana Zujeva F2 18.44 (5) 18.62 (6)
Margarita Pigalova F2 17.35 (2) 17.50 (3)
Anna Serova F2 20.19 (9) 20.37 (8)
Varvara.15 Abramova F2 19.78 (7) 20.11 (7)
Alena Jermolenko F1 20.26 (3) 19.59 (2)
Arina Trojnina F1 19.20 (2) 19.66 (3)
Aleksandra Khiisj F1 17.81 (1) 17.44 (1)